APT
You can read more about APT from wikipedia and the debian-wiki:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool
Sisällysluettelo
APT (Advanced Packaging Tool)
Commands
apt-cache aptitude-create-state-bundle apt-cdrom aptitude-curses apt-config aptitude-run-state-bundle apt-extracttemplates apt-key apt-ftparchive apt-listchanges apt-get apt-mark aptitude apt-sortpkgs
/etc/apt/sources.list
A sources list used to defined where apt tries to get it's packages from.
nano /etc/apt/sources.list
You can add a CD or DVD disc to the sources list (you have to mount the disk before this!) using the command:
apt-cdrom add
After this open the sources.list file and change the darkened number to the number of your disc:
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.7.0 _Wheezy_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20141018-13:06]/ wheezy contrib main
You can enable internet sources by modifying the sources.list with the following lines:
deb http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib deb-src http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib
The list of available packages can be updated with the command:
aptitude update
Updating packages:
aptitude upgrade
Example sources.list
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy main deb-src http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy main deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-updates main deb-src http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-updates main deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main
Searching for packets
You can search for installed and not installed packages using the command
aptitude search searchword
The command returns you a list of packages that matched with the search word.
The line will begin with an "i" if the package is already installed.
After that comes the package name.
In the end there is a short description of the package.
Example
root@debian:/# aptitude search ssh ... i ssh - secure shell client and server (metapackage) ...
Pakettien asentaminen
Kun pakettilista on päivitetty onnistuneesti, voit asentaa paketteja komennolla
aptitude install paketinnimi
Useasti asennus kysy lupaa jatkaa, paina Y -kirjainta ja Enter jatkaaksesi
Esimerkki (proftpd)
root@debian:/# aptitude install proftpd
Note: selecting "proftpd-basic" instead of the
virtual package "proftpd"
The following NEW packages will be installed:
proftpd-basic proftpd-mod-vroot{a}
0 packages upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 46 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,573 kB of archives. After unpacking 4,356 kB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?]
Näytä asennetut paketit
Listaa kaikki asennetut paketit
dpkg-query -l
Listaa tietty paketti jos on asennettu
dpkg-query -l 'foo*'
Pakettien poistaminen
Poista asennettu paketti
aptitude remove paketinnimi
Poista paketti ja konfiguraatiot
aptitude purge paketinnimi
